Cost-cutting and the lure of the iPhone softened the effect of the weak economy at AT&T Inc., helping the country's biggest telecommunications carrier beat analyst estimates for the first quarter.

AT&T said Wednesday it earned more than $3.1 billion, or 53 cents per share, in the first three months of 2009, down 9.7 percent from almost $3.5 billion, or 57 cents per share, a year earlier.

The earnings were reduced by 5 cents per share for increases in noncash pension and retiree expenses. Excluding that item, the earnings were 58 cents per share. The average estimate of analysts polled by Thomson Reuters, which generally excludes items, was for earnings of 48 cents per share.

Despite strong wireless sales, AT&T says revenue slipped to $30.6 billion from $30.7 billion a year ago. That was short of analyst expectations at $31.1 billion.

Revenue fell because the weak economy exacerbated the long-running decline of AT&T's landline business. Sales of traditional fixed phone service fell 12.2 percent to $8.7 billion.

AT&T shares rose 32 cents, or 1.3 percent, to $25.60 in morning trading.

Even as revenue declined, AT&T improved its overall profit margin slightly, helped by the continuing process of integrating BellSouth Corp., which it bought in 2006. It has also reduced its work force by 8,000 people since the beginning of the year, mainly by cutting jobs on the wired side of the business. It had 294,600 employees at the end of the quarter.

AT&T added a net 875,000 customers under contract in the first three months of the year, hundreds of thousands more than expected by analysts. Of the new customers, about three-quarters chose the iPhone, for which AT&T is the exclusive U.S. carrier.

The iPhone has been a drag on AT&T's earnings since last summer, when the latest model, the "3G," launched. AT&T has been subsidizing each phone by hundreds of dollars, with the aim of making its money back on service fees, since iPhone users pay 60 percent more per month than other customers.

That strategy started to pay off in the first quarter. Margins in the wireless business are now back almost to where they were before the launch of the iPhone 3G, despite the sale of 1.6 million iPhones in the quarter. The sales figure includes customers switching from other AT&T phones. Sales were down from 1.9 million from the fourth quarter, but were strong for a non-holiday quarter without a new iPhone model.

Apple Inc.'s phone also helped AT&T avoid getting caught up in a trend analysts are expecting to see this year: more customers signing up for prepaid service than for expensive contract-based plans. Only a quarter of new subscribers at AT&T chose prepaid in the quarter, compared to more than half at T-Mobile USA.

Two segments of AT&T's landline business also did well. Its cable-like TV service, U-Verse, signed up 284,000 subscribers, for a total of 1.3 million. It added 359,000 subscribers to wired broadband, a performance that bucks years of declining numbers in a saturating market.

Since computers are, if nothing else, starkly logical, for as long as they have been around, there have been people who have hoped that the machines might serve as an example to their human overlords, helping to make certain human affairs--politics, say--a little more logical too.

One of them is Scott Aaronson, a computer scientist at M.I.T. with an idea for a program designed to help people appreciate that the logical path they have just traveled in a political or other discussion might not have been entirely straight and narrow.

Despite being just 27 years old and in only the second year of his professorship, Aaronson is widely known in his field, quantum computing.

Quantum computers work in ways utterly different from conventional ones, and can do some tasks--breaking encryption, say--unimaginably quickly. So far, only small-scale, prototype quantum computers have been built, and it's not yet clear whether one big enough to be useful will ever be technically possible.

Aaronson's work involves quantum software, meaning, as members of his field like to say, that he spends his time thinking about programs for machines that might never get built.

One of his side projects, though, is a work-in-progress political program called the Worldview Manager. It has nothing to do with quantum machines or, indeed, of advanced computing of any sort. In fact, it's so simple and straightforward an idea that you could write it with macros in Excel.

The goal of Worldview Manager, explains Aaronson, is to help people appreciate the inconsistencies and contradictions that might crop up in their social and political beliefs.

Meta Data: iPhone 2.2

Apple's software update promises improved call quality and adds Google Street View.