The United States and Pakistan reached tacit agreement in September on
a don't-ask-don't-tell policy that allows unmanned Predator aircraft to
attack suspected terrorist targets in rugged western Pakistan,
according to senior officials in both countries. In recent months, the
U.S. drones have fired missiles at Pakistani soil at an average rate of
once every four or five days.
The officials described the deal as one in which the U.S. government
refuses to publicly acknowledge the attacks while Pakistan's government
continues to complain noisily about the politically sensitive strikes.
The arrangement coincided with a suspension of ground assaults into
Pakistan by helicopter-borne U.S. commandos. Pakistani President Asif Ali Zardari
said in an interview last week that he was aware of no ground attacks
since one on Sept. 3 that his government vigorously protested.
Officials described the attacks, using new technology and improved
intelligence, as a significant improvement in the fight against
Pakistan-based al-Qaeda and Taliban forces. Officials confirmed the deaths of at least three senior al-Qaeda figures in strikes last month.
Zardari said that he receives "no prior notice" of the airstrikes and
that he disapproves of them. But he said he gives the Americans "the
benefit of the doubt" that their intention is to target the Afghan side
of the ill-defined, mountainous border of Pakistan's Federally
Administered Tribal Areas (FATA), even if that is not where the
missiles land.
Civilian deaths remain a problem, Zardari said. "If the damage is
women and children, then the sensitivity of its effect increases," he
said. The U.S. "point of view," he said, is that the attacks are "good
for everybody. Our point of view is that it is not good for our
position of winning the hearts and minds of people."
A senior Pakistani official said that although the attacks
contribute to widespread public anger in Pakistan, anti-Americanism
there is closely associated with President Bush. Citing a potentially more favorable popular view of President-elect Barack Obama,
he said that "maybe with a new administration, public opinion will be
more pro-American and we can start acknowledging" more cooperation.
The official, one of several who discussed the sensitive military
and intelligence relationship only on the condition of anonymity, said
the U.S-Pakistani understanding over the airstrikes is "the smart
middle way for the moment." Contrasting Zardari with his predecessor,
retired Gen. Pervez Musharraf,
the official said Musharraf "gave lip service but not effective
support" to the Americans. "This government is delivering but not
taking the credit."
From December to August, when Musharraf stepped down, there were six
U.S. Predator attacks in Pakistan. Since then, there have been at least
19. The most recent occurred early Friday, when local officials and
witnesses said at least 11 people, including six foreign fighters, were
killed. The attack, in North Waziristan, one of the seven FATA regions,
demolished a compound owned by Amir Gul, a Taliban commander said to
have ties to al-Qaeda.
Pakistan's self-praise is not entirely echoed by U.S. officials, who
remain suspicious of ties between Pakistan's intelligence service and
FATA-based extremists. But the Bush administration has muted its
criticism of Pakistan. In a speech to the Atlantic Council last week, CIA Director Michael V. Hayden
effusively praised Pakistan's recent military operations, including
"tough fighting against hardened militants" in the northern FATA region
of Bajaur.
"Throughout the FATA," Hayden said, "al-Qaeda and its allies are
feeling less secure today than they did two, three or six months ago.
It has become difficult for them to ignore significant losses in their
ranks." Hayden acknowledged, however, that al-Qaeda remains a
"determined, adaptive enemy," operating from a "safe haven" in the
tribal areas.
Along with the stepped-up Predator attacks, Bush administration
strategy includes showering Pakistan's new leaders with close, personal
attention. Zardari met with Bush during the U.N. General Assembly in September, and senior military and intelligence officials have exchanged near-constant visits over the past few months.